What causes bruxism or clenching of the teeth?

Bruxism, or teeth clenching and grinding, can be caused by several factors. Stress and anxiety are the most common triggers, as they cause people to tense up, especially while sleeping. People under a lot of pressure or who deal with emotional stress may unconsciously clench their teeth during the day or night. Sleep disorders like sleep apnea can also lead to bruxism, as well as lifestyle habits such as excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption.

Other possible causes include misaligned teeth or an abnormal bite. Some people may have a genetic predisposition to bruxism, meaning it runs in their family. Medications, especially those that affect the central nervous system, can sometimes lead to teeth grinding as a side effect. If left untreated, bruxism can lead to problems like worn-down teeth, jaw pain, and headaches.